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He later decided to scale back on the mythology aspects of the game, focusing instead on the artificial life point - eventually presenting the game as an artificial pet hobby, which provided some of the impetus to include genetics in the creatures. He later wished to include references to an 'English' or Norse mythology, to try to make the world more internally consistent, but found that the team wanted to make the game into a conventional adventure game. Originally conceived as a desktop pet with a brain, Grand later incorporated inspiration from The Planiverse to pitch a 'little computer ewoks' game, like the game Little Computer People. Creatures inspired some players to take up careers in the sciences. Nevertheless, the complexity of the simulated biochemistry meant that Norn behaviour was highly unpredictable.ДЄmong the fans of Creatures were the Oxford zoologist Richard Dawkins, who called it a 'quantum leap in the development of artificial life', and author Douglas Adams. There is no concept of dominant gene and recessive gene, much less recombination between loci.

The genetics in Creatures are somewhat different from human genetics they are haploid.

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While this is the first commercial program it is to be noted that other non-commercial programs had done this since the late 1970s such as the Savanna Simulator by Walter Vose Jeffries which ran on an Z80 based Exidy Sorcerer microcomputer and presented the creatures moving on a graphical grid. Д®arlier a-life programs had worked by giving their organisms a limited set of commands and parameters, and seeing whether the way the subjects behaved was realistic. In 2011, Steve Grand stated that while the norns in Creatures could learn, generalise from past experiences to novel experiences, and react in an intelligent manner to stimuli, they could not think. Margaret Boden, in 2003, rejected Creatures as being a form of alien life as the simulated metabolism is concerned with controlling the norn's behaviour, not on maintaining its 'physical' form. In 2000, Steve Grand described the intelligence level of norns as being like ants. Creatures used the emergent approach seen in animats, but with the goal of more complex behaviours than locomotion. Faulty genomes can also occur - for example, norns which cannot see or hear, or immortal norns due to a hyper-efficient digestion system. Mutations in the genome also occur, allowing new characteristics to appear in the population and potentially be inherited by a future generation. Dickinson and Balleine state that while this stimulus-response/reinforcement process makes the creatures seem like they are goal-directed, they are instead 'habit machines' responding in a learned fashion to particular stimuli.

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The model for norns' decision-making process is Behaviorist and based on norns learning how to reduce their drives. The norns possess simulated biological drives which give punishment when they are raised, and reward when they are lowered. This was seen as an important insight into how real world organisms may function and evolve. Most interestingly, the Norns turned out to behave similarly to living creatures. By breeding certain Norns with others, some traits could be passed on to following generations.

This meant that the Norns and their DNA could develop and 'evolve' in increasingly diverse ways, unpredicted by the makers.

CREATURES THE ALBIAN YEARS CODE

The program was significant as it was one of the first commercial titles to code alife organisms from the genetic level upwards using a sophisticated biochemistry and neural network brains.

4.4 Younger Children's Games (later re-released as Creatures Village).

4.2 After Leaving Albia (later re-released as Creatures Exodus).

4.1 On Albia (later re-released as Creatures: The Albian Years).

Creatures the albian years